⚕️ Opioids
Source: Harm Reduction Victoria · DanceWize Victoria SSB
Guudmar
Opioids waa fasalka daawaalo loo isticmaalaa lagu yareeyo cadaadis iyo hurdo, kaas oo xidhiidha leh resepterka opioid ee nidaamka sababa jidka.
Opioids waa fasalka daawaalo loo isticmaalaa sababta loogu talagalay yareeyin cadaadis iyo sifooyinka hurdada. Waxay ahaanshaheyd dhismaha asasiga ah ee yareeynta cadaadis ilaa kun sannadood. Opioids, kaa mid ah kuwa dabiigga ah oo ka soo jeeda gida (poppy) gida, iyo kuwa la abuuray laboriga waxay dhammaantood waa walxo xidhiidha leh resepterka opioid ee nidaamka sababa jidka (maskaxda iyo labka jidka).
Jidhkeenna waxaa soo saara opioids dabiiga ah, oo la yiraahdo endorphins. Opioids waxay yareyaan isgaarsiinta naruufka ee maskaxda iyo yareeyaan dareenka cadaadis iyo waxay xidhiidha leh aagagga maskaxda kaas oo xakameynaya dareenka. Waxay loo isticmaalaan lagu yareeyo cadaadis gaaban ama aad u xoog.
Kuwani waxaa ku jira: Codeine (tusaale: Panadeine, Nurofen Plus, Mersyndol, Dolased, Panafen Plus), Dihydrocodeine (tusaale: Paramol), Tramadol, Oxycodone (tusaale: Endone, Percocet), Morphine sulfate (tusaale: MS Contin), Methadone (tusaale: Biodone, Physeptone), Buprenorphine (tusaale: Suboxone, Subutex), Hydromorphone (tusaale: Dilaudid), Fentanyl (tusaale: Durogesic (transdermal patches), Actiq (lozenges/lollipops), Sublimaze (intravenous injection)).
Isticmaal ka badbaado badan
Isku dayda inaad isticmaalto meelna kaa ah daacad kugu jirta, lahaasho dadka aad kugu kalbacdaa. Su'aasha wakhti ah 30 daqiqo kadib cunida. Qaado naloxone mar kasta (ayaa rogrogta dhibaatada).
'Start Low - Go Slow'. Markay luntiyaan: Isticmaal sida lagu soo jeediyay qaboojida haddii lagu helayo. Markay iska tubin: Isticmaal kuwa aad u leeyahay, oo cusuuban iyo daacad ah (oo ay kaas ku jirta biyaha camida).
Gacmahaaga ku baarka si fiican kahor iyo kadib. Warbixin ka qaadi safer injecting practices. Badan opioids hadda ay yihiin tamper (ee injecting) proof iyo ma ku laalaaban si fiican—Tani waxa keenta xataraha haddii iska tubin oo keenta dhaawaca qoraha iyo jidka.
Syringes & equipment ka tuur si xisaab ah. Markay af ku qabato: Qasqas si ballaadhan oo powders qoraha qaab yar gaadho. Af galaad biyaha kahor iyo kadib si aad u ilaaliso afkaaga.
Isticmaal la siisay straw/spoon (iyo ma qorshe billka) si loogto hago kaluubka ama viruses-ku-yiil-jida (HIV/HVC). Isku-iska-cad af ku qabato waxa lagu dareysadaa jilka afkaaga, beddeele naruufaha inta joogto iyo socod.
⚠ Ha ku darin
Alcohol - nausea iyo vomiting adegi yar iyo doses sare waxa keenta neef/breathing failure. Depressants kale ee tusaale kale opioids, GHB, Heroin & benzodiazepine ee tusaale Valium - Waxa keenta dhaafkii maskaxda, adag neefka & neef-kufaaca kaas oo keenta mawtiga. Ketamine, DXM, MXE, Nitrous Oxide - Waxa keenta neef/breathing failure.
Stimulants ee tusaale Amphetamines iyo Cocaine - waxa keenta jihdka gadaal gaarka. MAOIs - Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) oo ay kula xidhiidha opioids gaar ah waxaa lagu soo xiray warar nadaafad ah oo ay dhaawaca aad u xun iyo mawtiga ah. SSRIs ee tusaale daawaalo xajinta.
Cannabis - Waxay yihiin risk yar iyo waxa iska qaadi karana synergy. Psychedelics (LSD, Mushrooms, DMT, Mescaline) - Risk yar oo halkaa synergy. Maaha mid lagu talogelinayaa inaad isticmaalto opioids haddii aad ka khatar qabto: Sleep apnea, Obesity, Calaacal ama dibida, Fibromyalgia (oo ay ku jirta cadaadis muskelaska oo ballaadhan).
🚨 Haddii wax qaldamaan
Tirada jidka wayside maaha mid roga opioids laakiin walxo kale waxa lagu heli karana oo waxa lagu tuubin karana opioids. Waa sharci-daro inaad turjumato horumarinta duruufta sharciyadda ayaa qadhaandeega iyo driver kasta waxa lagu tilmaami karana tirad dareenka sharciyadda. Su'aasha 24 saacadood kahor inaad turjumato.
Jidhka waxaa ku xiran. Cadhaadh symptoms waxa bilaabmi karana saacaddaha kaddib isticmaalka dambea. Kuwani waxaa ku jira: sneezing, badhu yawning, uuse, sweat, barri, restless legs, cadiisa, isbedelka dareenka, insomnia, adagsaadh muscle & luudh, diarrhea, badhu urinating, dehydration, calaacal, nausea, vomiting, cramps, involuntary spasms, genitals-caasid (dumarku).
Qaado duruufta & paraphernalia waxa kama badbaadi ku dhacaan xataraha sharciyadda (oo ay kaas ku jirta trafficking, inkasta oo ma ganacsato). Ogaada sharciyadda aad deegta.
Saameynta
Farxadnimo Dareen wanaag Nasto Yareeyinta calaacalka Guud isbedelka dareenka Dibida Yareeyinta rabitaanka jinsiga Isku-dhibaatir Yareeyinta cadaadis Paaranoya Cudur-xasasitaanida iftiinka Calaacal ama calaacal joogto ah oo loogu dareemin midka kale loo gaadho si loogto dhaawacdo dabac ama cadhaadh Mawtiga Insomnia Yareeyinta neefka Yareeyinta gacan-jidhka qalbigu Yareeyinta dhexdhexaadinta dhiiga Daaraha kunitaanida badeed Lethargy Nintii Sedation Constipation Yareeyinta saliva-soo-sooda oo sababta keenta dhibaatada bushka (isticmaalka muddo dheer) Gajoosin Yareeyinta miisaanidda bilowgii Hypoxia (yareeyinta oxygen) Maskaxda nafiis-wayn Nausea/Vomiting Yareeyinta neefka / kufaaca Muscle spasms Mawtiga Xataraha Coma Dhaawaca maskaxda oo sababta keenta yareeyinta neefka Dijinta madow ee faraha, jilbaha, bushaha
Qiyaasta iyo muddada
Inta badan luntiyaan laakiin waxa kaas ah iska tubin (IV ama IM) ama shelving (rectal). Opioids waxay kala duwan yihiin mudada saameeyda iska leh bac absoorka darka, dose, iwm. Saacad 15 ilaa 36 saacadood, tusaale pethidine waxay gaarka u gaaban tahay oxycodone.
Inkasta oo saameeyda muuqaata ee duruufta ayaa ka tagay, Opioids waxa kaga jiri karana mudada dheer (ilaa labada maalmood) iska leh nooca. Warbixin ka qaadi. Half Life waxa iska leh nooca opioid iyo darriga gelinta.
Waxay ugu fiican tahay inaad warbixin ka qaadid walxiga gaar ah aad qaadayso.